The 155 ft high Mullaperiyar dam is a composite gravity dam built during the period 1887–1895. The front and rear faces of the dam are built with uncoursed rubble masonry in lime surkhi mortar. The hearting, which accounts for 62% of the volume of dam, is constructed of lime surkhi concrete. This dam was constructed at a time when the dam technology was in its infancy and hence does not meet the modern requirements of design and construction. The major deficiencies are the following:
• Earthquake and Uplift forces were not considered in the design of the dam
• No drilling and grouting were done to strengthen the foundation of the dam
• No drainage gallery was provided in the dam body
• Transverse contraction joints were not provided in the dam
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